Public Art in Education

Open Art in Education My experience preparing includes concentrates on different segments of contemporary craftsmanship and structure. Open craftsmanship as imagined by Freedman, consolidates the interests of different partners including craftsmen, neighborhood networks, urban organizers, city offices just as both private and open associations (Freedman 6). I am keen on understanding the viability of open craftsmanship in instruction, making mindfulness just as social character of networks and uniqueness of towns.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Public Art in Education explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most people group want to have a personality particularly identifying with their zones of living arrangement and their symbols, for example, the chain of commands of Vancouver (Fales Library and Special Collections). In any case, in the contemporary setting, the significant test to craftsmanship is the danger of possible inclination by craftsmen and creator s who often utilize whimsical methods and crossover procedures to impact judgment (freedman 19). All things considered, there is have to research the viability of open craftsmanship and the job of networks in concocting materials that can be put in the work of art to encourage social character. It is through an away from of the recorded contextualization of craftsmanship by networks combined with thorough academic examination that we can precisely comprehend its adequacy in speaking to the general population about different issues of network concern and personality (Fales Library and Special Collections). In this way, by accomplishing more examination on viability of the data contained in the open craftsmanship in advancing social personality or making mindfulness, fitting choices can be made. Also, it will enhance the current assemblage of information in field of craftsmanship and plan. Fales Library and Special Collections. Fales Library and Special Collections: Guide to the Publi c Art Fund Achive. 2012. Web. Freedman, Doris. Ten Years of Public Art. New York: Public Art Fund, 1982. Print.Advertising Looking for research paper on workmanship? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Network technologies and system administration Assignment

System innovations and framework organization - Assignment Example Transmission media is significant in the transmission of signs. For the transmission of the sign copper wires are being in use for a long time nonetheless, as the innovation with respect to the transmission media created, remote advancements got the significance as remote advances require less administration and do not have the weight of wires. In a wired transmission framework, computerized signals are used in the transmission, where different voltage levels are viewed as twofold zero and paired one (Omega.com, np). The sign is then transmitted to the copper wire as the voltage signals and a reference voltage is likewise transmitted. At the opposite side the transmitted sign is gotten and the reference voltage signal is made and in this manner the wired transmission and gathering framework works. In wired correspondence contorted pair, coaxial link and optic fiber links are used. Notwithstanding, optic fiber link doesn't come in the class of copper wire and sign is transmitted as li ght. The serious issue that emerges in the transmission of sign through the wired medium is that the copper wires are greatly affected by the electromagnetic vitality and accordingly a misshaped signal is gotten because of the obstruction of the electromagnetic radiations. These electromagnetic radiations are created by the electrical apparatuses and transmission lines close to the sign wire. This kind of issue is more in bent pair link when contrasted with the coaxial link. Be that as it may, the turns in the link help limit the impedance. Another issue with the wired transmission is the trouble in the administration and location of issue (Polenin, np). There is a need to supplant the entire link if a little deformity in the link emerges like little cuts, and so forth. So as to dispense with the issues of the electromagnetic obstruction, a couple link is wound to lessen the impedance. Supporters are used at after some reasonable separations to recuperate the twisted signs to the fi rst signals. Sponsors likewise enhance the signs to the ideal intensification. In the coaxial link, metal protecting forestalls the loss of the sign and keeps away from electromagnetic impedance. In any case, the external protection is such made to forestall ecological harm and the avoidances against cuts, and so forth. Ethernet is a piece of PC organizing innovation for neighborhood which is economically begun in 1980. It is comprised of IEE 802.3, LAN innovation. In the OSI direction game plan, Ethernet is at the information interface layer. Ethernet appropriates a progression of data through bundles which, are known as casings. Each edge comprises of source and goal dresses and mistake checking information with the goal that harmed information can be effortlessly distinguished and rebroadcasted (Pidgeon, np). As we have examined information bundle on the wire is known as an edge. A casing starts with the preface and start outline delimiter. First preferred position is that it is thoughtfully it is straightforward like it has urge link and T connectors and no center points, handsets and different gadgets. It is less value gadget. There is an elevated level of clamor insusceptibility. Inconveniences are Ethernet is hard to change. Its designs are not altered without any problem. On the off chance that any gadget or link area comes up short, is destroys the whole system. Ethernet outline is additionally called as Ethernet connect. In the casing structure, octets are appropriated to cause the Ethernet to carry out its responsibility in a correct manner. For instance, the edge assigned seven octets to the Preamble from 10101010, preface have the obligation to synchronize tickers or beneficiary and sender. For addresses, all connectors get the edge on LAN at 6 byte. The casing structure type is used to distinguish the higher layer convention. At recipient, outline is checked for mistake, if there is any blunders present the edge dropped. The MAC Destination takes around 6 octets, MAC source takes around 6 octets, payload takes octets from the fury of 45 to 1500 and between outline hole takes around 12 octets. An

Full Disclosure

Full DisclosureFull divulgence is the detailing of any money related realities sufficiently critical to impact the judgment of an educated peruser. The Financial Accounting Board is liable for building up the standards and guidelines concerning an organization furnishing complete honesty with their fiscal summaries. The regions that are legitimately influenced by the FASB incorporate budget summaries, notes to the fiscal reports and the beneficial data. Despite the fact that these are the ones straightforwardly influenced by the FASB, for an organization to take part in total honesty the organization ought to likewise incorporate different methods for money related announcing and some other appropriate data. (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2012).Interim ReportingEach business can utilize an alternate strategy for monetary announcing so it is significant morally to report everything without exception that the â€Å"informed reader† should make a reasonable appraisal of the busi ness. As indicated by the AICPA’s Special Committee on Financial Reporting organizations must give progressively advance looking data, center more around the elements that make longer term esteem and better adjust data that is accounted for remotely with the data announced internally.For a business to have the option to have cutting-edge data it is imperative to have between time reports. Interval announcing will separate the period of time between the revealing which thus will give a superior figure. As a major aspect of a between time report the accompanying will be uncovered the deals or gross incomes, essential and weakened profit per share, occasional income, expenses or costs, critical changes in evaluations or arrangements for personal duties, removal of an exceptional thing, unexpected things, changes in bookkeeping standards and noteworthy changes in monetary announcing. As significant as break revealing is a business wants to avoid data over-burden, in which the edu cated readerâ becomes immersed with data not important to comprehend the reports. (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2012).Notes to the Financial StatementsPart of complete honesty is the notes to the fiscal reports. These notes clarify what has been introduced in the fiscal summaries. The notes ought to incorporate the accompanying significant divulgences: stock, property, plant hardware, creditor’s claims, value holder’s claims, possibilities, duties, reasonable qualities, conceded charges, annuities, leases and any adjustments in bookkeeping standards. It is likewise critical to incorporate the manner in which the business reports their finances.Full exposure incorporates the revealing of any uncommon exchanges or occasions. These exchanges ought to incorporate any related gathering exchanges which is the point at which an organization takes part in an exchange in which one of the gatherings can fundamentally impact the strategies of the other. It is important to repo rt the monetary bit of these exchanges and not the lawful segment. The monetary segment ought to incorporate the parties’ depiction of exchanges for every one of the periods that pay explanations are presented.This partition likewise incorporates the dollar sums for which salary articulations are available just as the sums due from or to the related gatherings as of the date each accounting report is introduced. The extraordinary occasions would incorporate the resulting occasions which happen at the hour of the monetary record however have not been remembered for the numbers just as non-ensuing occasions which occur after the date of the accounting report and still should be thought of. (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2012).Segmented InformationSegmented data is a significant piece of complete honesty with significant organizations. The GAAP necessitates that an organization pick one technique for division. In the Manager approach there are explicit working fragments. The th ree pieces of a working section are data in regards to the exercises from which there are incomes and costs, results that are normally looked into by the representative to evaluate execution and assets, and the data that is created by the inner money related reporting system.An undertaking must report general data about the working portions, fragment benefit and misfortune and related data, portion resources, compromises, data about items, administrations and geographic regions, and significant clients. (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2012).Final ReportsFull divulgence revealing ought to incorporate the auditor’s fair-minded report, the manager’s report, a money related gauge just as a monetary projection. The explanation the auditor’s report ought to be incorporated is to show that an impartial feeling has gone over the budgetary reports and presumes that the organization is above board. The manager’s report is significant on the grounds that it will s how positive or troublesome conditions with respect to the liquidity, capital assets and the aftereffects of activity. The monetary gauge with the budgetary projection will give the educated peruser a grip of where the organization is going. (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2012).Full Disclosure IncreaseFull revelation has expanded over the most recent ten years because of the FASB’s new principles over the most recent ten years. The requirement for these standards have gotten straightforward because of the ongoing organizations in the news who have decided to do illicit budgetary announcing which has finished with numerous individuals losing their work environments just as the entirety of their cash. (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2012).ConclusionIn end, total honesty is significant so an organization needs to respond in due order regarding the reports they are recording. Complete honesty can secure the organization just as general society whenever done appropriately. The FA SB has had a significant part in the complete honesty laws. For whatever length of time that there isn't a data over-burden then the educated peruser ought to have the option to peruse a company’s reports and see where they have been, the place they are, and where they are going.

American Films and Hero Free Essays

Whose name rings a bell when you hear the word â€Å"hero. † A legend is an individual you appreciate, gaze upward to, and have regard for. A saint is somebody you need to transcript as a result of their activities and achievements. We will compose a custom article test on American Films and Hero or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now A legend is somebody we treasure, similar to our first teddy bear when we were youthful. My saint is my mother. I’ve been in this world for a long time at this point and everything I can say is that I thank god for making the ladies that made me that I can rely upon whenever and call my mother. After all the awful and unpleasant occasions, put downs and fall downs I experienced; there was just a single individual that could bear my life. After all the missteps I’ve done through the previous years, it was her who got me out. What's more, those occasions when I was grief stricken or confounded insane, it was her who offered me guidance. There is no other individual you can confide in enough to disclose to them everything about occurs in your life, and its absolutely impossible you can discover somebody that would think about you like a mother would. Whose name strikes a chord when you hear the word â€Å"hero. † A saint is an individual you appreciate, gaze upward to, and have regard for. A legend is somebody you need to transcript in view of their activities and achievements. A legend is somebody we value, similar to our first teddy bear when we were youthful. My saint is my mother. I’ve been in this world for a long time at this point and everything I can say is that I thank god for making the ladies that made me that I can rely upon whenever and call my mother. After all the terrible and unpleasant occasions, put downs and fall downs I experienced; there was just a single individual that could bear my life. After all the slip-ups I’ve done through the previous years, it was her who got me out. Also, those occasions when I was grief stricken or befuddled insane, it was her who offered me guidance. There is no other individual you can confide in enough to reveal to them everything about occurs in your life, and its absolutely impossible you can discover somebody that would think about you like a mother would. Whose name strikes a chord when you hear the word â€Å"hero. † A legend is an individual you appreciate, turn upward to, and have regard for. A legend is somebody you need to transcript as a result of their activities and achievements. A legend is somebody we treasure, similar to our first teddy bear when we were youthful. My legend is my mother. I’ve been in this world for a long time at this point and everything I can say is that I thank god for making the ladies that made me that I can rely upon whenever and call my mother. After all the awful and unpleasant occasions, put downs and fall downs I experienced; there was just a single individual that could bear my life. After all the slip-ups I’ve done through the previous years, it was her who got me out. Also, those occasions when I was sorrowful or confounded crazy, it was her who offered me guidance. There is no other individual you can confide in enough to reveal to them everything about occurs in your life, and it is extremely unlikely you can discover somebody that would think about you like a mother would. Whose name strikes a chord when you hear the word â€Å"hero. † A legend is an individual you appreciate, gaze upward to, and have regard for. A legend is somebody you need to transcript in light of their activities and achievements. A saint is somebody we value, similar to our first teddy bear when we were youthful. My legend is my mother. I’ve been in this world for a long time at this point and everything I can say is that I thank god for making the ladies that made me that I can rely upon whenever and call my mother. After all the terrible and unpleasant occasions, put downs and fall downs I experienced; there was just a single individual that could persevere through my life. After all the mix-ups I’ve done through the previous years, it was her who got me out. What's more, those occasions when I was grief stricken or confounded insane, it was her who offered me guidance. There is no other individual you can confide in enough to reveal to them everything about occurs in your life, and it is highly unlikely you can discover somebody that would think about you like a mother would. Whose name rings a bell when you hear the word â€Å"hero. † A saint is an individual you appreciate, turn upward to, and have regard for. A saint is somebody you need to transcript due to their activities and achievements. A legend is somebody we appreciate, similar to our first teddy bear when we were youthful. My legend is my mother. I’ve been in this world for a long time at this point and everything I can say is that I thank god for making the ladies that made me that I can rely upon whenever and call my mother. After all the terrible and unpleasant occasions, put downs and fall downs I experienced; there was just a single individual that could bear my life. After all the missteps I’ve done through the previous years, it was her who got me out. What's more, those occasions when I was shattered or confounded crazy, it was her who offered me guidance. There is no other individual you can confide in enough to disclose to them everything about occurs in your life, and it is highly unlikely you can discover somebody that would think about you like a mother would. Step by step instructions to refer to American Films and Hero, Papers

Essay Topic - Social Problem Solution

Essay Topic - Social Problem SolutionEvery college student who is thinking about going on to get their degree in college has a list of good topics to write about in their social problem solution essay. Those topics will be on the top of your list of essay topics and you will already know the kinds of topics that you want to write about.When it comes to the topic of your social problem solution essay, make sure that you look at many of them and you research the different types of essay topics that are out there and what they have to say about being successful in life. This is a great way to start and you will be able to narrow down what topics you want to use and look for those that are about issues that you know you will encounter on your life.When it comes to the topic of writing an essay that is based around these topics, you will have to think about how to fit it all together so that it is one coherent whole that is easy to read and to understand. There are some tips that you can use to make this more likely to happen. The best thing to do is to write everything down as soon as you have thought of the topic and have written it down.Once you have the topic decided on, you will have to see if you want to write it down on paper or type it into a word document. It is always a good idea to write down what you are writing so that it is easier to get across to the reader.After you have chosen the potential topics to write about, you will want to see if you want to write down your topic outline first. This will help you to outline what each chapter of the essay will include and you will be able to make sure that you cover all of the topics needed for your topic.After you have written out your outline, you will want to start researching and see what others have done in the past with these topics and see if you can make changes that will help you make your essay more memorable. You will also want to take note of any rules or guidelines that are in place when it comes to using these topics.Another good question to ask yourself is whether or not you want to include the same topic over. The reason why you are going to want to do this is because when it comes to using this topic over again, you will want to make sure that the main theme of the essay is one that the reader will not be able to understand.When you are looking for a great topic for an essay, you will want to try different things to see what works. Use your research and make sure that you find a topic that you can relate to and that you can discuss in an essay so that you will be able to ace your test.

Trypophobia Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Trypophobia Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments Phobias Print Trypophobia or the Fear of Holes By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 08, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 02, 2019 More in Phobias Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Trypophobia? Common Triggers Symptoms of Trypophobia Causes Treatments View All Back To Top Trypophobia is an aversion or fear of clusters of small holes, bumps, or patterns. When people see this type of cluster, they experience symptoms of disgust or fear. Examples of objects that might trigger a fear response include seeds pods or a close up image of someones pores. There is some debate among researchers as to whether trypophobia is a genuine condition. Early reports of trypophobia were first described in an online forum in 2005, but it has not been recognized as a distinct diagnosis?? in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association. While not listed in the DSM-5, trypophobia would fall under the broad classification of specific phobias as long as the symptoms are persistent, excessive, and lead to significant impairment or distress. What Is Trypophobia? Trypophobia is often described as “the fear of holes,” but it is important to note that it may also apply to bumps or other patterns that are closely clustered together. When people see trigger objects,?? they experience symptoms such as severe fear, nausea, itching, sweating, shaking, and even panic attacks. Fear is one common symptom, but disgust is often described as the overwhelming emotion that people feel with this phobia. Trypophobia also tends to be highly visual.?? Seeing images online or in print is enough to trigger feelings or revulsion or anxiety. One case report?? illustrates how trypophobia often presents. The patient, a 12-year-old girl, experienced feelings of discomfort when she encountered surfaces and objects covered with holes or dots. When asked to draw a picture of her fear, she filled a paper with a repetitive pattern of clustered, round dots. How Common Is Trypophobia? While prevalence is unknown, some research indicates that trypophobia may be quite common. One 2013 study published in the journal Psychological Science found that 16 percent of participants experienced feelings of disgusts or discomfort when looking at an impage of a lotus seed pod. Common Triggers Research on trypophobia is still relatively rare, but some of the trigger objects that have been observed include: HoneycombsStrawberriesLotus seed podsPomegranatesCondensationBubblesHoles or bumps on fleshInsect eyesCoralHoles in diseased or decaying fleshBubble wrapFruit seedsSea sponges Man-made patterns, as well as animals that have spotted or patterned coats, can also cause a phobic reaction. Symptoms of Trypophobia The symptoms of this condition are similar to those of other specific phobias. After seeing clusters of small holes or bumps, whether in person or in an image, people often experience: Feelings of revulsionFear and anxietyGoosebumpsRapid breathingSweatingNauseaItchingVomitingPanic attacksShakingEmotional distress Trypophobia can lead to symptoms related to fear, disgust, or both, although research suggests that people report feeling greater disgust rather than fear. In addition to experiencing symptoms such as fear and disgust, people with trypophobia will often experience behavioral changes as well. Avoidance of trigger objects is common. For example, a person might avoid eating certain foods (such as strawberries or aerated chocolate) or avoid going to certain places (such as a room with dotted wallpaper). Causes Research on trypophobia is still quite limited, but there are some theories about why it happens. Evolutionary Causes According to one of the most popular theories, trypophobia is an evolutionary response to things that are associated with disease or danger. Diseased skin, parasites, and other infectious conditions, for example, may be characterized by such holes or bumps. This suggests that this phobia has an evolutionary basis. It is also consistent with the tendency for those with trypophobia to experience greater disgust than fear when they see a trigger object. Associations With Dangerous Animals Another theory suggests that clustered holes share a similar appearance to skin and coat patterns on some venomous animals. People may fear these patterns out of unconscious associations. There is some research that supports this idea. A 2013 study?? looked at how people with trypophobia respond to certain stimuli in comparison to those without the condition. When viewing a honeycomb (a common trypophobic object), people who dont have trypophobia immediately think of things such as honey or bees. The researchers believe that those with trypophobia non-consciously associated the sight of a honeycomb with dangerous organisms that share the same basic visual characteristics, such as rattlesnakes. While they are not consciously aware of this association, it may be what causes them to feel feelings of disgust or fear. Associations With Infectious Pathogens A 2017 study?? found that participants tended to associated hole patterns with skin-transmitted pathogens, with many reporting feelings of skin-itching and skin-crawling when viewing such patterns. Disgust or fear of potential threats is an adaptive evolutionary response. In many cases, these feelings help keep us safe from danger. In the case of trypophobia, researchers believe it may be an overgeneralized and exaggerated form of this normally adaptive response, A Response to Visual Characteristics Some research suggests that the discomfort people feel has more to do with the visual characteristics of the patterns themselves. One study published in Psychological Reports?? found that while people experience discomfort when viewing trypophobic patterns, these feelings were more related to the visual patterns themselves?? than to associations with dangerous animals. Such results call into question whether or not trypophobia is actually a phobia at all, or simply a natural response to certain types of visual stimuli. Links to Other Disorders Researchers have also found?? that people with trypophobia were more likely to experience symptoms of anxiety and depression as well. The symptoms of trypophobia were also found to be persistent and lasting, leading to functional impairments in daily living. The symptoms presented were most likely to meet the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for specific phobias rather than other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Treatments No specific treatment has been demonstrated particularly effective in the treatment of this condition. However, many of the treatments used for specific phobias are also likely to be helpful in reducing symptoms. Exposure Therapy This treatment involves progressively exposing a person to their fear object. The hope is that over time, this exposure will cause fear symptoms to lessen. This process is usually done very gradually. A person may start by imagining what they fear, then looking at pictures of the fear object, and then finally being near or even touching the source of their anxiety. In the case of trypophobia, a person with symptoms may start by simply closing his eyes and imagining something such as a honeycomb or seed pod. They will continue working on this activity until symptoms start to recede. Once he is able to imagine the object without a response, he will move onto the next step, which often involves looking at an image of an object that normally triggers symptoms. The process of exposure therapy continues on until the patient is able to encounter an object without feeling excessive disgust, fear, or anxiety. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Cognitive behavioral therapy involves working with a therapist to change the underlying thoughts and behaviors that might contribute to trypophobia. This might involve discussing unrealistic thoughts, replacing these with more realistic ones, and then making changes in behaviors. One of the reasons people experience phobia symptoms is because they often believe there is something inherently dangerous or threatening about the fear object. This leads to negative automatic thoughts as soon as they encounter the source of their fear. Through CBT, people work to replace their often irrational beliefs and negative thoughts with more positive and realistic ones. Relaxation Techniques Different relaxation strategies can also be useful for reducing feelings of disgust, fear, or anxiety. Visualization, deep breathing, and progressive muscle relaxation are a few strategies that might be helpful. Visualization involves picturing soothing images or situations. A person with trypophobia might try to envision a beautiful sunset or a field of flowers whenever they encounter something covered with tiny holes. A simple distraction can also be a useful coping technique. If you see something that triggers a trypophobic response, you might simply look away and find something else to think about or look at until your symptoms ease.   Medications Anti-depressant or anti-anxiety drugs may sometimes be prescribed, particularly if the individual also experiences depression or anxiety. These may include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), benzodiazepines, or beta-blockers. These medications may be used alone, but they are often used in conjunction with another treatment approach such as CBT, exposure therapy, or other types of psychotherapy. A Word From Verywell While trypophobia has been discussed rather extensively online, psychologists are still split on whether it represents a genuine phobia. It is not currently recognized by the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Further research is needed to determine the nature of the condition, its prevalence, and its treatment. Fortunately, most people who experience this condition can find relief through treatment options ranging from therapy to medication to self-help.

Business Studies Essay

Business Studies Essay Nature of Board Level decisions and the contribution of the finance director The performance of any organization, may it be for profit or not for profit, heavily depends on the decisions that are made by the management of the organization. It is worth noting that decisions made in the organization differ greatly, depending on the position of those involved in making those decisions. The board is one body that plays a crucial role in determining the future of an organization, based on the nature of the decisions that they make. A board refers to a group of individuals who have been legally accorded the responsibility of governing an organization. Another key player in decision making is the finance director. Unquestionably, financial resources are one of the key resources for any organization, and for that reason, the contributions of the finance director influences the decisions that are undertaken or rather formulated by the board of directors. This easy seeks to critically analyze the nature of board level decisions as well as the contribution made by the f inance director in the formulation of these decisions. Composition of board members varies from one organization to another, depending on its nature as well as its objectives. Despite of these variations, the decisions made at the board level tend to be similar in one way or another. Being at the top in managerial rank in the organization, the nature of decisions that are made by the board varies a lot, as these decisions affect the organization in all perspectives, (Christopher, 2004). For instance, decisions made by the board influences the way the particular organization will be managed. The board is responsible for the selection and appointment of the chief executive, who is accorded the mandate to carry out administration duties in the organization. It is the duty of the board to determine how their organization is managed by for instance, reviewing and evaluating the performance of the chief executive on a regular basis based on leadership of the organization, planning and implementation of these plans, as well as management of the workforce. To some extent, the board also provides administrative guidance to the chief executive. Thus, one of the characteristics of the decisions that are made at the board level is that, these decisions influences the governance or rather management of the organization by the chief executive, (Bruce Alexander, 2002). Another characteristic of the decisions made at the board level is that, they influence the policies and objectives of the organization in general. Together with the chief executive, the board makes decisions on organization policies and objectives that are aimed at the general growth of the organization. They are also responsible for changing policies depending on the situations that the organization is facing. Some of the decisions made at the board level concerning organizational policies and objectives include assigning priorities as well as ensuring the capacity of the organization to undertake services/products/programs by a continuous review of its work, (Iti, 2009). One of the responsibilities of the board is to ensure that there are adequate resources and that these resources are managed effectively. Therefore, another characteristics made at the board level is that they are always focused to resource acquisition and management. For instance, at one point the organization may be facing financial challenges which require considering alternative sources of funds. Some of the available options may include using external sources of funds such as a loan from a financial institution, or using internal sources such as increasing the share capital, (Soo, 2011). The board is obligated to give the final decision on the best alternative, based on the short-term and long-term objectives of the organization. Besides making decisions on acquisition of resources, the board also has to come up with the best ways in which these resources are going to be utilized. Therefore, they must make decisions which will ensure accountability and efficient use of the resou rces. Lastly but not least, the board is responsible for making final investment decisions. In almost all organizations, the board is mandated to review programs that have been proposed by the chief executive. This review incorporates investment decisions that are being proposed by the chief executive and his/her team, as well as the expenses that are expected to be incurred in implementing the investment program. The final decision on the implementation of investment projects lies on the board. The decisions they make in this case will depend on the financial position of the company, the expected returns, the costs to be incurred in the process, and more importantly, the risks that are associated with the proposed investment program. Based on these factors, the board may decide to support the investment or decline this proposal. Thus, the other nature of the board level decisions is that they influence the investment programs in their organizations. Finally, as mentioned above, financial resources are very crucial in any organization, and the contribution of the financial director in decision making is very vital. The financial director is an individual who has been given the responsibility to manage financial risks of an agency or business. He/she is also given the mandate to undertake financial planning, reporting as well as record-keeping on behalf of the higher management. Therefore, the contribution of the financial director in decision making more especially at the board level decision making is very vital. Any investment and financial decisions to be made by the board are based on the financial reports that have been prepared by the financial director. Through these reports, the board decides whether to or not to ratify use of alternative sources of financing investments, as well as the impacts of any investment on the organization in general. Role of corporate governance in a company listed on London stock market Arguably, corporate governance is an important part of any company. It entails various processes, laws, policies, customs, as well as institutions which influence the way a company is controlled. A crucial subject matter of corporate governance is the character and scope of people’s accountability in business, as well as the means of decreasing the principal-agent problem. It also incorporates the relationship among stakeholders involved as well as the goals for which the company is managed. Stakeholders involved in corporate governance can be broadly classified into two categories: external stakeholders and internal stakeholders. External stakeholders include communities impacted by activities of the corporation, customers of the corporation, suppliers, trade creditors, debtors, and the shareholders, (FRC 2010). On the other hand, internal stakeholders include the employees, executives, and the board of directors. There are various rules and regulations that have been set by the government as well as the stock markets on how corporate governance in any given corporation should be undertaken. These rules and regulation have been stipulated in the various codes and corporate governance principles. For instance, there are specific rules and regulations which have to be followed for companies that have been listed on the London Stock Market. This essay will be focused on discussing the various roles of corporate governance in a company listed on the main London Stock Market (LSM). The role of corporate governance in companies listed on London Stock Market covers five broad areas: auditing, ownership structure and exercise of control rights, financial transparency and information disclosure, corporate responsibility and compliance, and lastly, board and management structure and process. In connection to the board and management structure and process, every corporation listed on LSM should be headed by a board which will be charged with the long-term success of the corporation. A clear division of the responsibilities of the executive and the board should be drawn, in running the business of the company. Moreover, the board should be under the leadership of the chairman, who ensures its efficiency of its role in all aspects, (FRC 2010). To ensure effectiveness of the board, there should be suitable experience, skills, independence as well as knowledge of the company in both the board and its committees. Corporate governance should also ensure that new directors of the board are appointed through a transparent, rigorous and formal process. For efficient discharge of duties, it is the role of corporate governance to ensure that the board is supplied with information in a timely manner. Lastly, through corporate governance, a good relationship between the board and the shareholder should be enhanced. The progress of the business of the company is communicated to the shareholders during the Annual General Meeting called for by the board of directors, (Pol, Jeffrey, and Howard, 2010). There other role of corporate governance is ensuring that there is financial transparency and information disclosure in the company. The LSM has set rules and regulations that should be followed to ensure that there is accountability in the governance of companies. As part of these rules and regulations, it is a requirement for companies to prepare annual financial reports that represents are fair and a representative of the position of the company at a given time. These reports should be produced on half-yearly and annual basis. The main objective of these reports is to assure the stakeholders of the company the business is a going concern, based on various supporting assumptions, (Christopher, 2004). Additionally, disclosing of material involving the company should be made at in a timely manner to guarantee that investors will access clear and factual information. Company auditing is yet another function of corporate governance. The roles as well as responsibilities of auditing com mittee should be outlined in a written form, which may include monitoring the truthfulness of the financial statements of the corporation, appraising internal financial controls of the company, keeping an eye on and reviewing the efficiency of the internal audit function of the company, and reviewing and monitoring the independence of the external auditor as well as the impartiality and efficiency of the auditing process, ( Peter Krisztina, 2011). Corporate responsibility and compliance is also part of corporate governance in a company. In the corporate governance code of London Stock Market, there are defined standards that should be followed or adhered to concerning ethics in the course of their business. These are aimed at enhancing companies to carry out their business in a responsible and ethical manner, respecting not only the employees and the customers, but also the environment, (Berghe, 2005). Through effective corporate governance, companies are required to implement programs that could promote compliance, to ensure that the companies operate within an ethical and legal framework. Companies educate their employees concerning the code of ethics that have been set, to avoid ethical and legal violations. Hence, corporate governance in companies that have listed on main London Stock Market have a pivotal role to play in ensuring that corporate responsibility and compliance within the company meet the ethical and legal st andards that have been set. In conclusion, it is undeniable that corporate governance is very vital in any company. Basically, it is concerned with the various processes, laws, policies, customs, as well as institutions which influence the way a company is controlled. For the case of companies that have been listed on the main London Stock Market, corporate governance ensures that companies are governed according to the rules and regulations that have been set. The role of corporate governance in these companies broadly covers the following major areas: auditing, ownership structure and exercise of control rights, financial transparency and information disclosure, corporate responsibility and compliance, and lastly, board and management structure and process, (Christopher, 2004). Generally, through corporate governance, companies are managed within the legal and ethical framework, as well as reducing conflicts that are associated with principal-agent relationships. Personal learning outcomes from this assignment and their impact on my future career I would have to admit that by undertaking this assignment, I have come across a number of things that will have considerable impact on my career in the future. To begin with, I have realized that in any organization, boards are very influential on the way the organization is managed. Being the final decision makers in the hierarchy of organizational management, they determine the direction that an organization is likely to follow. As noted above, another important person in an organization is the financial director. To some extent, contributions of the financial director form the basis of board level decisions. Based on the relationship of the board and the financial director, I have learnt these two parties must work hand in hand in the organization. This implies that, organizations can only succeed when all the stakeholders in the managerial positions are involved in decision making. This has had a positive impact on my future career, as I am aware of the importance of shared decis ion making. Board level decisions vary in various ways. However, the most interesting thing is the way these decisions are reached. From this assignment, I have become aware of the procedures that are supposed to be followed while making decisions not only at an organizational level, but any decision making in general. It is evident that decision making is never a one step process, but it entails a lot of consultation to make what is perceived to be the right decision from the available alternatives. Based on this, my decision-making techniques as well as problem-solving techniques have improved considerably. It is no possible for me to approach decision-making at the personal level, with minimal challenges. Moreover, this lesson will definitely have an impact on the way I will be making decisions in my leadership career. In conclusion, corporate governance is another area that I have dealt with in this assignment. There are various benefits that an organization can achieve by having good corporate governance. Generally, corporate governance can be described in terms of the relationship between shareholders, company management, stakeholders, as well as the board. Lately, this concept has gained popularity, as globalization led to increase of the complexity and volume of trade, leading to difficulties in controlling external factors. Some of the befits that are likely to be attained through good corporate governance include ensuring corporate success and growth of the company, maintaining the confidence of the investors enhancing chances of the company to increase capital effectively and efficiently, lower cost of capital, reduces corruption, wastages, mismanagement and risks, and finally, brand formation as well as development. Thus, my perception of corporate governance has been improved significantl y. In the context of my future career, corporate governance will play a major role on the way I will be making decisions affecting my organization. Reference List Christopher, P. 2004. 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Jeffrey, K,. and Howard, A. 2010 The role of corporate governance in RD intensity of UK-based international firms, International Journal of Commerce and Management, Vol. 20 Iss: 2, pp.91 – 108 Soo, W. K. 2011 The quality impact of governance change on board decision making, UK Journal on Quality, Vol. 12 Iss: 1, pp.113 – 123